Dictionary English German Leo

LEO (meaning Link Everything Online ) is an Internet based electronic dictionary and translation dictionary initiated by the computer science department of the Technische Universität München (Technical University of Munich) in Germany. After a spin out, the dictionaries have been run since 3 April 2006 by the limited liability company Leo GmbH, formed by the members of the original Leo team, and is partially funded by commercial advertising on the website. Its dictionaries can be consulted free online from any web browser or from LEO's Lion downloadable user interface (GUI) which is free since version 3.0 (released 13 January 2009) to private users only and no longer sold as shareware. Corporate users and research institutions are however required to purchase a licence.

Dictionaries

The website hosts five free German language based bilingual dictionaries and fora for additional language queries. The dictionaries are characterized by providing translations in forms of hyperlinks to further dictionary queries, thereby facilitating back translations. The dictionaries are partly added to and corrected by large vocabulary donations of individuals or companies, partly through suggestions and discussions on the LEO language fora.

Due to its open collaborative nature, many entries are added without lexical supervision, creating in some instances, duplication and a lack of additional lexical information such as gender, inflected and irregular forms, plurals, and other contextual indicators. In many cases however, extensive references to the translations are provided in the form of example phrases of language in use.

English–German

The English-German dictionary run by Leo since 1995 contains more than 500,000 entries and receives an average of 10 million queries per weekday.

French–German

In 2004, a French-German dictionary was added to the site's services and has now more than 165,000 entries. This gets about 1.5 million queries each weekday.

Spanish–German

A Spanish-German dictionary with currently more than 110,000 entries was introduced on 3 April 2006. It gets about 750,000 queries each weekday.

Italian–German

An Italian-German was started on 3 April 2008. At the time of the public launch, the dictionary contained about 85,000 entries and received 77,000 queries on the first day.

Chinese–German

The Chinese-German dictionary was started on the same date as the Italian-German dictionary, 3 April 2008. Queries can be entered by using Pinyin, or traditional or simplified characters.The dictionary started with about 65,000 entries and received about 93,000 queries on the first day. Due to text encoding limitations, the Chinese dictionary cannot be used in the Lion software interface.

Russian–German

On 18 February 2009, LEO announced a forthcoming release of a German–Russian dictionary. The starter database has been provided in collaboration with ABBY Europe GmbH, the producers of the Lingvo dictionary brand.

History

The site grew out of a network of FTP software and archived data which was put together by students at Munich University of Technology and Ludwig Maximilians University of Munich even before HTML and HTTP existed. The original aim was to create a single, huge archive by linking up archives run by the different research groups (hence its name LEO - Link Everything Online . The archive was sorted thematically and the different sections organised and kept up to date by archivists.

When the World Wide Web came into common use, HTTP access to the archive was at first added as an alternative to FTP. Students developed various services in their free time, in particular the dictionaries. Some services have been dropped in the course of the spin out, such as the software archive.

Name

The name of the site is actually a backronym from the name Leo: the Bavarian coat of arms features a lion. Originally, the service was named ISAR (a backronym for Isar river, on the banks of which Munich is situated; here, ISAR stood for Informations Systeme und Archiv München , but it had to be renamed as there was another firm of the same name.

References

  1. ^ English-German Query Statistics of dict.leo.org
  2. ^ French-German Query Statistics of dict.leo.org
  3. ^ Spanish-German Query Statistics of dict.leo.org
  4. ^ Italian-German Query Statistics of dict.leo.org
  5. ^ Usage tips for the Chinese-German Dictionary (in German)
  6. ^ Chinese-German Query Statistics of dict.leo.org
  7. ^ http://dict.leo.org/pages.ende/impressum_en.html?lang=en Press release recovered May 12, 2009

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