Stephanie Lynn "Stevie" Nicks (born May 26, 1948) is an American singer-songwriter, best known for her work with Fleetwood Mac and an extensive solo career, which collectively have produced over forty Top 50 hits and has sold nearly 120 million albums. She has been noted for her ethereal visual style and symbolic lyrics.
Nicks joined Fleetwood Mac in 1975 along with her then boyfriend Lindsey Buckingham. Fleetwood Mac's second album after the incorporation of Nicks and Buckingham, 1977's Rumours , produced four U.S. Top 10 singles (including Nicks' song "Dreams", which was the band's first and only U.S. number one) and remained at #1 on the American album charts for over 30 weeks, as well as reaching the top spot in various countries around the world. To date the album has sold over 33 million copies worldwide.
Nicks began her solo career in 1981 with the album Bella Donna , and she has produced five more solo studio albums to date. After the release of her first solo album, Rolling Stone deemed her "The Reigning Queen of Rock and Roll". Overcoming cocaine addiction, dependency on tranquilizers, and chronic fatigue syndrome, Nicks remains a popular solo performer. She has been nominated for seven Grammy Awards and, with Fleetwood Mac, won the 1977/1978 Grammy for Album of the Year for Rumours . As a member of Fleetwood Mac, she was inducted into the Rock and Roll Hall of Fame in 1998. Nicks has a contralto vocal range.
Nicks was born at Good Samaritan Hospital in Phoenix, Arizona to Jess Nicks, a corporate executive, and Barbara Nicks, a homemaker. Nicks' grandfather Aaron Jess Nicks, a struggling country music singer, taught Nicks to sing, performing duets with her by the time she was four years old. Nicks' mother was very protective of her, keeping her at home "more than most people were" and fostering in her a love of fairy tales. As a young child, Nicks had difficulty pronouncing her given name Stephanie, instead pronouncing it "tee-dee", which became the nickname "Stevie".
With the Goya guitar that she received for her sixteenth birthday, Nicks wrote her first song called "I've Loved and I've Lost, and I'm Sad But Not Blue". She joined her first band "The Changing Times" while attending Arcadia High School in Arcadia, CA, a suburb of Los Angeles.
Nicks first met her future musical and romantic partner Lindsey Buckingham during her senior year at Menlo Atherton High School. She attended a Young Life social event, saw Buckingham playing "California Dreamin'", and joined in with the harmony. Buckingham contacted Nicks a few years later and asked her to join him and his bandmates Javier Pacheco and Calvin Roper in a band called Fritz. Fritz became popular as a live act from 1968 until 1972, opening for popular musicians Jimi Hendrix and Janis Joplin, among others, in the San Francisco Bay Area. Both Nicks and Buckingham attended San Jose State University in Northern California, where Nicks majored in Speech Communication. They dropped out in 1968 and moved to Los Angeles together to pursue a career in music when Nicks' family moved to Chicago.
After Fritz disbanded in 1972, Nicks and Buckingham continued to write and record as a duo, producing demo tapes at the coffee plant belonging to Buckingham's father Morris. They secured a deal with Polydor Records. Polydor used tracks from the demo tapes to release the album Buckingham Nicks in 1973. The album was not a commercial success, despite the live shows that Nicks and Buckingham performed together to support it, and Polydor dropped the pair from the label. To support herself and Buckingham, who wrote music while recovering from mononucleosis, Nicks worked a variety of jobs, which included waiting tables and a stint cleaning engineer/producer Keith Olsen's house, where Nicks and Buckingham lived for a time. Nicks says that she first used cocaine during this time.
Nicks and Buckingham briefly relocated to Aspen, Colorado. While there, Buckingham landed a guitar-playing gig with the Everly Brothers, and toured with them while Nicks stayed behind. During this time, Nicks wrote "Rhiannon" after seeing the name in the novel Triad by Mary Leader, unaware at the time of the Mabinogi legend of Rhiannon. She also wrote "Landslide", inspired by the scenery of Aspen and her inner turmoil over her decision to pursue music.
Nicks and Buckingham joined Fleetwood Mac on December 31, 1974, after Keith Olsen played their track "Frozen Love" for drummer Mick Fleetwood, who had come to Studio City, California to find a new studio to record Fleetwood Mac's next studio album. Fleetwood remembered Buckingham's guitar work after guitar player Bob Welch's departure to pursue a solo career. Initially extending the offer only to Buckingham, Fleetwood later included Nicks in the offer when Buckingham insisted that they were "a package deal".
In 1975, the band released the album Fleetwood Mac , which hit number one and had three Top 20 songs in 1976. Nicks' "Rhiannon" reached #11, and the album included Nicks' "Landslide". That same year, Nicks worked with clothing designer Margi Kent to develop Nicks' unique onstage look, with costumes that featured flowing skirts, shawls and platform boots.
Following the success of Fleetwood Mac , increasing tension between Nicks and Buckingham began to take its toll on their creativity, and Nicks ended the relationship. Fleetwood Mac began recording their follow-up album, Rumours , in early 1976 and continued until late in the year. Sessions were marked by heavy drug use, faulty drum tracks, and tension between the band members, which influenced the songwriting. Also, Nicks and Buckingham sang back-up on Warren Zevon's debut album.
Nicks' contributions to Rumours were "I Don't Want to Know", "Gold Dust Woman", and "Dreams", which became the band's only Billboard Hot 100 #1 hit single to date. Nicks had recorded the song "Silver Springs", but it was not included on the album because of space limitations on vinyl records, instead being released as the b-side of "Go Your Own Way." The song was special to Nicks, and she had not been told about the omission until after the decision had been made. Nicks was devastated.
Rumours was released to widespread acclaim in February 1977 and became one of the best-selling albums of all time. In November 1977, after a New Zealand concert for the Rumours tour, Nicks and Fleetwood, who was married to Jenny Boyd, secretly began an affair. The affair ended the next year, in October 1978, when Mick Fleetwood left his wife for Nicks' best friend Sara Recor. After the success of the Rumours album and tour in 1977–78, Fleetwood Mac began recording their third album with Buckingham and Nicks, Tusk , in the spring of 1978. That year, Nicks sang back-up on Walter Egan's "Magnet & Steel" from Egan's 1978 album Not Shy , which was produced by Lindsey Buckingham and Richard Dashut.
By 1978, Nicks had amassed a large backlog of songs dating back to her Buckingham Nicks days that she was unable to record and release with Fleetwood Mac because of the constraint of having to accommodate three songwriters on each album. During Tusk sessions in 1979, Nicks began laying down demos for a solo album, continuing to write and record for the solo project during the world tour for Tusk in 1979–80. With Danny Goldberg and Paul Fishkin, Nicks founded Modern Records, a vehicle to record and release her own material. Between Tusk sessions, Nicks recorded two duets that became hits: with Kenny Loggins on "Whenever I Call You Friend" (1978), and with John Stewart on "Gold" (1979).
After thirteen months of recording and editing, Tusk was released as a 20-track double album in October 19, 1979. Nicks' "Storms" and "Beautiful Child" were speculated to be about her affair with Mick Fleetwood, while the Billboard Hot 100 #7 hit "Sara" alluded to her relationships with Fleetwood and Pesnell. Other Nicks tracks included "Angel" and "Sisters of the Moon".
During the huge 18 month sellout Tusk Tour of 1979 and 1980, Nicks began writing and recording demos for what would become her first and most successful solo effort. Band sessions for Nicks' solo debut album began in April 1980, with Tom Petty and the Heartbreakers and Tom Moncrieff. Sessions continued through the end of the Tusk tour in late 1980, ending in the spring of 1981, helmed by Jimmy Iovine and featuring various contributions from Petty and his band. During 1981 Nicks toured with Tom Petty and the Heartbreakers and New Zealand band Split Enz as a guest.
Nicks released Bella Donna on July 27, 1981. The album reached #1 on the Billboard 200 in September. As of 1990 it was certified four times platinum. All four of its singles charted on the Billboard Hot 100. The album's ten tracks included five songs written in previous years, and five new songs. Several unreleased songs from the Bella Donna sessions were included on soundtracks, in concert sets, and later Fleetwood Mac albums. Other tracks remain unreleased.
Bella Donna was the first album to feature Nicks' back-up singers, Sharon Celani and Lori Perry. Nicks met Perry in the mid-1970s while working with her then-husband, producer Gordon Perry. Nicks befriended Perry after inviting her to contribute back-up vocals for the tracks she was working on. During a trip to Hawaii, Nicks visited a club where Celani was performing and joined her
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