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Perth Amboy is a city in Middlesex County, New Jersey, United States. As of the United States 2000 Census, the city population was 47,303. Perth Amboy is known as the "City by the Bay".

Perth Amboy was formed by Royal Charter on August 4, 1718, within various townships. Perth Amboy was chartered as a city by an Act of the New Jersey Legislature on December 21, 1784, within Perth Amboy Township and from part of Woodbridge Township. Perth Amboy Township was formed on October 31, 1693, and was enlarged during the 1720s to encompass Perth Amboy city. Perth Amboy Township was incorporated as one of New Jersey's initial 104 townships on February 21, 1798. The township was absorbed by Perth Amboy city on April 8, 1844.

Perth Amboy, and South Amboy across the Raritan River, are collectively referred to as The Amboys. Signage for Exit 11 on the New Jersey Turnpike refers to "The Amboys" as a destination. The Amboys are the northern limit of the area informally referred to as the Bayshore.

History

Perth Amboy was settled in 1683 and incorporated as a city in 1718. It was founded by English merchants, Scots seeking religious freedom, and French Protestants, who sought to make use of Perth Amboy's harbor to its full potential.

Perth Amboy served as the colonial capital from 1686 until 1776. In 1684, Perth Amboy became the capital of East Jersey and remained the capital until the union of East and West Jersey in 1702 and became an alternate colonial capital with Burlington until 1776. A few of the buildings from this early period can still be seen today ( a map of historic sites and buildings ). Most notably, the Proprietary House, the home of William Franklin, the last Royal Governor of New Jersey and estranged son of Ben Franklin, still stands in the waterfront area of the city. Other early architectural examples include the Kearny Cottage (moved from its original location), and St. Peter's church. St. Peter's is surrounded by a graveyard of early inhabitants and displays a collection of incredible stained-glass windows. In addition to the religious scenes these windows portray, early depictions of New Jersey receiving her charter and a meeting between William Franklin and his father, Ben, are also included. Perth Amboy's city hall, first built as a courthouse in 1685, survived major fires in 1731 and 1764 and is the oldest city hall in continuous use in the United States.

By the middle of the 1800s, immigration and industrialization transformed Perth Amboy. Factories such as A. Hall and Sons Terra Cotta, Guggenheim and Sons and the Copper Works Smelting Company fueled a thriving downtown and employed many area residents. Perth Amboy also grew after it became the tidewater terminal for the Lehigh Valley Railroad and a coal shipping point. Perth Amboy also witnessed tightly knit and insular ethnic neighborhoods such as Budapest, Dublin, and Chickentown. Immigrants from Denmark, Poland, Hungary, Czechoslovakia, Italy, Russia, and Austria quickly dominated the factory jobs. Perth Amboy was also a resort town in the 1800s and early 20th century.

In 1914, Perth Amboy had a baseball team called the Pacers; they only played for one season.

In late August 1923 a violent riot by an estimated 6,000 persons shook Perth Amboy when the Ku Klux Klan attempted to organize a meeting in the city.

Unfortunately the immigration growth occurred at a time when factories were being demolished and plants were being closed down; thus Perth Amboy became part of the rust belt. Once a resort town, Perth Amboy’s beaches are no longer in use for swimming because of the polluted waters. Competition from malls outside the city and in New York forced the big chain and higher end stores out of Perth Amboy’s downtown. There are no movie theaters or major department stores remaining in Perth Amboy.

However, since the early 1990s Perth Amboy has seen redevelopment. Small businesses have started to open up, and with the presence of an Urban Enterprise Zone. The waterfront has also seen a rebirth. The marina has been extended, there are new promenades, parks, and housing overlooking the bay. Perth Amboy is still continuing for an attempt of an upheaval in the waterfront. A new project called Landings at Harborside will feature 2,100 residential units composed of town homes and mid-rise luxury condominiums along with indoor garage parking. There were also be 150,000 sq ft (14,000 m 2 ) of retail space with an international market, restaurants, specialty shops, community center, and recreation amenities for the public as well. It is an eight year and $600 million plan. Moreover there will be an extension of Route 440 to High Street, connecting commuters from the Outerbridge Crossing directly to the waterfront.

Film history

  • In the 1955 war movie To Hell and Back the city is mentioned by one of the U.S. soldiers - "River like this reminds me of an old gal I knew in Perth Amboy, New Jersey"
  • The Merrie Melodies/Looney Tunes series makes references to Perth Amboy, New Jersey several times.
    • In the 1959 Merrie Melodies short Hare-Abian Nights , Bugs Bunny was trying to reach Perth Amboy, but made a wrong turn in Iowa.
    • In the 1961 Looney Tunes short The Abominable Snow Rabbit , Daffy Duck tries to return to Perth Amboy after Bugs makes a wrong turn in Illinois.
    • In the 1963 Looney Tunes short Transylvania 6-5000 , Bugs, using a payphone, asks the operator to be connected to a travel service in Perth Amboy.
    • Bugs also refers to Perth Amboy as his hometown in various Looney Tunes shorts.
  • In the 1947 comedy "The Secret Life of Walter Mitty" Danny Kaye's titular character lives in, and travels to and from Perth Amboy on the train.
  • In the 1951 film "An American in Paris" Gene Kelly's character Jerry Mulligan is quick to tell an American exchange student, who attempts to critique his artwork in French, that to stop wasting his time he understands and speaks English. "I'm from Perth Amboy, New Jersey."
  • In the 1949 comedy "A Connecticut Yankee in King Arthur's Court" Bing Crosby invokes Perth Amboy in an effort to prevent being burned at the stake.
  • In the 1978 film version of The Lady Vanishes the female lead, "much married heiress" Amanda Midvani-Von Hoffsteader-Kelly's (Cybill Shepherd) third husband, Mr Kelly is a bigamist whose first wife lives in Perth Amboy. This leads Mrs Midvani-Von Hoffsteader-Kelly to explain "apparently they make a big deal about bigamy, especially in places like Perth Amboy, New Jersey".

Geography

According to the United States Census Bureau, the city has a total area of 6.0 sq mi (16 km 2 ), of which, 4.8 sq mi (12 km 2 ) of it is land and 1.2 sq mi (3.1 km 2 ) of it (20.07%) is water.

Perth Amboy borders Sayreville, Woodbridge, South Amboy (although the two are directly connected only by rail), and the New York City borough of Staten Island across the Arthur Kill.

The city is named in honor of James, Earl of Perth one of the associates of a company of Scottish proprietaries. "Amboy" may have come from "Ompoge" an Algonquian name for the area, also appearing in South Amboy.

Perth Amboy sits on a geological layer of clay several hundred feet thick. Consequently, clay mining and factories such as A. Hall and Sons Terra Cotta located in Perth Amboy in the late 1800s. Because of the clay and accompanying lack of percolation, Perth Amboy is the only locality in New Jersey that does not have radon.

Climate

Perth Amboy has a humid subtropical climate (Köppen climate classification Cfa ) typical of New Jersey with warm summers and cold winters.

Demographics

As of the census of 2000, there were 47,303 people, 14,562 households, and 10,761 families residing in the city. The population density was 9,892.0 people per square mile (3,820.9/km 2 ). There were 15,236 housing units at an average density of 3,186.2/sq mi (1,230.7/km 2 ). The racial makeup of the city was 46.41% White, 10.04% African American, 0.70% Native American, 1.53% Asian, 0.13% Pacific Islander, 35.59% from other races, and 5.61% from two or more races. Hispanic or Latino of any race were 69.83% of the population. Most of the Hispanics in Perth Amboy are of Puerto Rican or Dominican descent but all Latino nationalities are represented in the city.

There were 14,562 households out of which 40.3% had children under the age of 18 living with them, 44.6% were married couples living together, 21.0% had a female householder with no husband present, and 26.1% were non-families. 20.6% of all households were made up of individuals and 8.8% had someone living alone who was 65 years of age or older. The average household size was 3.20 and the average family size was 3.63.

In the city the population was spread out with 28.5% under the age of 18, 11.4% from 18 to 24, 31.6% from 25 to 44, 18.3% from 45 to 64, and 10.2% who were 65 years of age or older. The median age was 31 years. For every 100 females there were 98.2 males. For every 100 females age 18 and over, there were 94.8 males.

The median income for a household in the city was $37,608, and the median income for a family was $40,740. Males had a median income of $29,399 versus $21,954 for females. The per capita income for the city was $14,989. About 14.3% of families and 17.6% of the population were below the pove

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